منابع مشابه
Rampant Cheating by Pathogens?
Pathogenic bacteria often cooperate during infection. Communication through quorum sensing allows bacteria to coordinate gene expression in a population density–dependent manner; biofilm formation increases population resistance to hostand antibiotic-related stresses. Although such cooperative behaviors benefit pathogens at the population level, individual cells experience costs of cooperation....
متن کاملCheating Cheating Detectors
In this paper we present a new cheating technique that is successful at defeating cheating detectors and could become popular with students. The idea is to use obfuscating code transformations (such as those found in the SANDMARK tool) to apply a sequence of minor code transformations to a copied programming assignment. This purpose is to produce a copy that will defeat detection. We show that ...
متن کاملTrust and Cheating Trust and Cheating
When we take a cab we may feel cheated if the driver takes an unnecessarily long route despite the lack of a contract or promise to take the shortest possible path. Is our decision to take the cab affected by our belief that we may end up feeling cheated? Is the behavior of the driver affected by his beliefs about what we consider cheating? We address these questions in the context of a trust g...
متن کاملDetection of cheating by decimation algorithm
We expand the item response theory to study the case of “cheating students” for a set of exams, trying to detect them by applying a greedy algorithm of inference. This extended model is closely related to the Boltzmann machine learning. In this paper we aim to infer the correct biases and interactions of our model by considering a relatively small number of sets of training data. Nevertheless, ...
متن کاملCheating by Duplication: Equilibrium Requires Global Knowledge
The question of what global information must distributed rational agents a-priori know aboutthe network in order for equilibrium to be possible is researched here. Until now, distributedalgorithms with rational agents have assumed that n, the size of the network, is a-priori known tothe participants. We investigate the above question, considering different distributed computingp...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: PLOS Pathogens
سال: 2016
ISSN: 1553-7374
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005792